In the air transmission of UDN, the unprotected data among the APs is easy to intercept.
What is more, the APs are not just an air network link they will cooperate with each other to serve user in UDN. Pseudo or malicious AP will threaten 5G system security. Traditional macro stations are regularly deployed by operators, while AP deployment may be irregular or even deployed by users. The AP of 5G is different from the traditional macro station. With various small base stations acting as access points (APs), the intersite distance (ISD) decreases as the network entities’ density increases. Meanwhile, the UDN has been identified as a constituent of future 5G core technologies by the IMT-2020 expert group. It decreases the distance between the user equipment (UE) and the network entities and greatly improves the spectrum efficiency. The UDN is considered to be one of the most effective solutions to improve wireless system capacity. Therefore, the ultradense network (UDN) is proposed and has attracted wide attention. In order to enhance up the system capacity of regional hotspot hundreds of times, the small bases network deployment needs to be more flexible and the frequency reuse needs to be more efficient. Obviously, the application of dense small base stations with the narrow coverage in the heterogeneous network can remarkably improve the system capacity.
However, through the deployment of dense base stations, the spectrum efficiency caused by reducing the cell coverage radius can be increased by more than 2700 times. The use of wireless physical layer technologies (e.g., coding technology, modulation technology, and multiple access technology) can only increase spectrum efficiency by about 10 times and the wider bandwidth can only improve the transmission efficiency by dozens of times. In the 5G, data traffic will experience explosive growth in the years to come. The simulation on network bandwidth evaluation is also conducted to prove the efficiency of the solution. Finally, we extensively analyze our lightweight security communication model in terms of security and performance. We present each phase regarding how two network entities obtain the Elliptic Curve Qu-Vanstone (ECQV) implicit certificate scheme, verify each other’s identity, and share keys in an UDN. In this paper, we proposed a new security based on implicit certificate (IC) scheme the scheme solves the security problem among the access points (APs) in a dynamic APs group (APG) and between the AP and user equipment (UE). However, the security of the 5G UDN is still in its infancy, and the data communication security among the network entities is facing new challenges. A universal 5G UDN architecture is necessary to realize the autonomous and dynamic deployment of small base stations. It can enhance spatial reuse through the flexible, intensive deployment of small base stations. The ultradense network (UDN) is one of the most promising technologies in the fifth generation (5G) to address the network system capacity issue.
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